MFA Moscow                    01/Jan/97                             RUSSIA

Transmission Modes:

CROWD-36          40bd  MFSK  (offset +2080hz) (Traffic)
CROWD-36          10bd  MFSK  (offset +2080hz) (Operator Chatter)

Logged Frequencies:

        4495    5336    5399    5430    5762    5818.5  6789    6799
        6810    6812    6814    6816    6987    6992    7529    7736
        7759    7805    7828    8000    8004    8067    8087    8091
        8097    8099    8100    8124    8180    9107    9108    9114
        9158    9162    9165    9264    9281    10153   10166   10169
        10171   10175   10325   10372   10474   10620   10653   11027
        11051   11068   11070   11071   11072   11074   11129   11406
        11462   11543   12154   12157   12173   12175   12179   12183
        12204   12206   13414   13417   13484   13497   13506   13845
        13856   13857   13942   13960   14395   14397   14402   14415
        14421   14467   14474   14603   14623   14640   14657   14679
        14705   14707   14709   14713   14716   14821   14823   14944
        15642   15646   15672   15674   15823   16013   16112   16242
        16317   16342   17450   17454   17462   17487   17513   18137
        18222   18245   18357   18431   20974


Reported Frequencies:

Country Profile:

Capital is Moscow, with oblasts (oblastey, singular oblast'), 21
autonomous republics* (avtonomnyk respublik, singular—avtonomnaya
respublika), 10 autonomous okrugs**(avtonomnykh okrugov,
singular—avtonomnyy okrug), 6 krays*** (krayev, singular—kray), 2
federal cities (singular—gorod)****, and 1 autonomous
oblast*****(avtonomnaya oblast'); Adygeya (Maykop)*, Aginskiy Buryatskiy
(Aginskoye)**, Altay (Gorno-Altaysk)*, Altayskiy (Barnaul)***, Amurskaya
(Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangel'skaya, Astrakhanskaya, Bashkortostan
(Ufa)*, Belgorodskaya, Bryanskaya, Buryatiya (Ulan-Ude)*, Chechnya
(Groznyy)*, Chelyabinskaya, Chitinskaya, Chukotskiy (Anadyr')**,
Chuvashiya (Cheboksary)*, Dagestan (Makhachkala)*, Evenkiyskiy (Tura)**,
Ingushetiya (Nazran')*, Irkutskaya, Ivanovskaya, Kabardino-Balkariya
(Nal'chik)*, Kaliningradskaya, Kalmykiya (Elista)*, Kaluzkskaya,
Kamchatskaya (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Karachayevo-Cherkesiya
(Cherkessk)*, Kareliya (Petrozavodsk)*, Kemerovskaya, Khabarovskiy***,
Khakasiya (Abakan)*, Khanty-Mansiyskiy (Khanty-Mansiysk)**, Kirovskaya,
Komi (Syktyvkar)*, Koryakskiy (Palana)**, Kostromskaya,
Krasnodarskiy***, Krasnoyarskiy***, Kurganskaya, Kurskaya,
Leningradskaya, Lipetskaya, Magadanskaya, Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola)*,
Mordoviya (Saransk)*, Moskovskaya, Moskva (Moscow)****, Murmanskaya,
Nenetskiy (Nar'yan-Mar)**, Nizhegorodskaya, Novgorodskaya,
Novosibirskaya, Omskaya, Orenburgskaya, Orlovskaya (Orel), Penzenskaya,
Permskaya, Komi-Permyatskiy (Kudymkar)**, Primorskiy (Vladivostok)***,
Pskovskaya, Rostovskaya, Ryazanskaya, Sakha (Yakutsk)*, Sakhalinskaya
(Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samarskaya, Sankt-Peterburg (Saint Petersburg)****,
Saratovskaya, Severnaya Osetiya-Alaniya (Vladikavkaz)*, Smolenskaya,
Stavropol'skiy***, Sverdlovskaya (Yekaterinburg), Tambovskaya, Tatarstan
(Kazan')*, Taymyrskiy (Dudinka)**, Tomskaya, Tul'skaya, Tverskaya,
Tyumenskaya, Tyva (Kyzyl)*, Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)*, Ul'yanovskaya,
Ust'-Ordynskiy Buryatskiy (Ust'-Ordynskiy)**, Vladimirskaya,
Volgogradskaya, Vologodskaya, Voronezhskaya, Yamalo-Nenetskiy
(Salekhard)**, Yaroslavskaya, Yevreyskaya*****; note—when using a place
name with an adjectival ending 'skaya' or 'skiy,' the word Oblast' or
Avonomnyy Okrug or Kray should be added to the place name note: the
autonomous republics of Chechnya and Ingushetiya were formerly the
autonomous republic of Checheno-Ingushetia (the boundary between
Chechnya and Ingushetia has yet to be determined); administrative
divisions have the same names as their administrative centers
(exceptions have the administrative center name following in
parentheses). 

Forces include Ground Forces, Navy, Air Forces, Strategic Rocket Forces
note: the Air Defense Force merged into the Air Force in March 1998. 

Web Address:


Notes on Operation:

These transmissions normally encrypted believed to be Russian MFA.

Some monitors have adopted "DoSC" (Department of State Communications)
for the MFA. 

This transmission mode also reported in use by FAPSI (aka SOUD or
Brotherhood) (Russian Monitoring/Intelligence System co-located in most
embassies).  This is supported by frequent cases of CROWD-36
transmissions bearing traffic in identical format to that carried by the
75bd Baudot FAPSI network (5 letter or figure groups beginning 11177).
See Intelligence section for FAPSI details.

Transmission is on USB of above frequencies.  Offset is 2080hz.
With latest version of Code30, tuning method is to set RX to USB and
find nearest kilohertz point where signal is roughly centred about
2000Hz.  The CROWD-36 module can then be chosen, and the CF set to
2080Hz.  Current version only decodes the 10bd opchat mode where a
constant carrier is present.  Hence each character is seen four times
eg:

QQQQSSSSLLLL       TTTTKKKKSSSS       GGGGBBBB

If the signal returns to constant carrier, this is usually a sign that
the operator will begin hand-keyed info (often to open or close the
QSO).  The carrier represents tone 24, and hence is a very accurate way
of tuning the signal when traffic is not present.